Sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic intoxication / withdrawal
Intoxication: recent sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic use; Withdrawal: cessation/reduction after prolonged heavy use
Substance-RelatedF13.129/F13.239
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Intoxication: recent sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic use; Withdrawal: cessation/reduction after prolonged heavy use
Dopamine antagonist exposure (antipsychotic or antiemetic) and development of severe muscle rigidity and elevated temperature
Cessation or reduction of heavy/prolonged alcohol use
Intoxication: reversible substance-specific syndrome due to recent ingestion; Withdrawal: substance-specific syndrome due to cessation/reduction after heavy/prolonged use
Intoxication: recent cannabis use with clinically significant maladaptive behavioural/psychological changes; Withdrawal: cessation/reduction of heavy prolonged use
Prominent anxiety, panic attacks, or obsessions/compulsions directly attributable to physiological effects of another medical condition
Excessive anxiety/worry about multiple events/activities, more days than not for ≥6 months
Intoxication: recent opioid use; Withdrawal: cessation/reduction after heavy prolonged use, or administration of opioid antagonist
Symptoms characteristic of an anxiety disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Excessive fear/anxiety about separation from attachment figures; ≥3 of 8 specified symptoms
Marked fear/anxiety about ≥1 social situation with possible scrutiny by others
Problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment/distress; ≥2 of 11 criteria within 12 months (impaired control ×4; social impairment ×3; risky use ×2; pharmacological criteria ×2)
≥3 of the following within days of stopping/reducing an antidepressant (after ≥1 month use): FINISH symptoms — flu-like; insomnia; nausea; imbalance; sensory disturbances; hyperarousal/anxiety
Intoxication: recent stimulant use; Withdrawal: cessation/reduction after prolonged heavy use
Recent ingestion of alcohol
Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness
Urge to move the legs, usually accompanied by uncomfortable sensations in the legs, that begins or worsens during rest/inactivity, is partially or totally relieved by movement, and occurs primarily in the evening or night
Marked fear/anxiety about ≥2 of 5 situations: public transport; open spaces; enclosed places; standing in line/crowds; being outside home alone
Marked fear/anxiety about a specific object or situation
Involuntary movements (tardive dystonia: sustained/repetitive muscle contractions; tardive akathisia: subjective restlessness + repetitive movements) developing in association with neuroleptic use, persisting ≥4 weeks
Persistent or recurrent difficulties with ≥1 of: vaginal penetration during intercourse; marked vulvovaginal or pelvic pain during intercourse or penetration attempts; marked fear/anxiety about vulvovaginal or pelvic pain in anticipation of, during, or as a result of vaginal penetration; marked tensing or tightening of pelvic floor muscles during vaginal penetration attempts
Parkinsonian tremor, muscular rigidity, or akinesia developing in association with medication use (most commonly neuroleptic/antipsychotic or dopamine-depleting agent)
≥5 symptoms in final week before menses, improve within days of onset, become minimal/absent post-menses
Prominent hallucinations or delusions
Fine tremor occurring during attempts to maintain a posture that has developed in association with use of a medication
Symptoms characteristic of a feeding/eating disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Symptoms characteristic of a trauma/stressor-related disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks (abrupt surge reaching peak within minutes; ≥4 of 13 symptoms)
Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (despite speaking in others)
Disturbances in normal fluency and time patterning of speech inappropriate for age and language skills; ≥1 of: sound/syllable repetitions; sound prolongations; broken words; audible/silent blocking; circumlocutions; words produced with excess physical tension; monosyllabic whole-word repetitions
Disturbance of attention (reduced ability to direct, focus, sustain, shift attention) and awareness (reduced orientation to environment)
Marked incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender, ≥6 months; in adolescents/adults: ≥2 of: incongruence between experienced gender and primary/secondary sex characteristics; strong desire to be rid of primary/secondary sex characteristics; strong desire for sex characteristics of experienced gender; strong desire to be of experienced gender; strong desire to be treated as experienced gender; strong conviction of having typical feelings/reactions of experienced gender
Pervasive pattern of social/interpersonal deficits with acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive/perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behaviour, beginning by early adulthood; ≥5 of 9: ideas of reference; odd beliefs/magical thinking; unusual perceptual experiences; odd thinking/speech; suspiciousness/paranoid ideation; inappropriate/constricted affect; odd/eccentric behaviour/appearance; lacks close friends; excessive social anxiety
≥1 somatic symptom that is distressing or results in significant disruption of daily life
Involuntary athetoid or choreiform movements (lasting ≥4 weeks) of the tongue, jaw, trunk, or extremities that developed in association with use of a neuroleptic medication
Persistent deficits in social communication/interaction across multiple contexts (≥3 components: social-emotional reciprocity; nonverbal communicative behaviours; developing/maintaining relationships)
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, beginning by early adulthood; ≥4 of 7: avoids occupational activities involving interpersonal contact due to fears of criticism; unwilling to get involved unless certain of being liked; shows restraint in intimate relationships due to fear of shame; preoccupied with being criticised/rejected; inhibited in new interpersonal situations; views self as socially inept/unappealing/inferior; unusually reluctant to take risks or engage in new activities
≥3 of 12 catatonia symptoms: stupor; catalepsy; waxy flexibility; mutism; negativism; posturing; mannerism; stereotypy; agitation; grimacing; echolalia; echopraxia
Prominent depressive episode directly attributable to physiological effects of a medical condition
Pattern of culturally inappropriate, overly familiar behaviour with relatively unfamiliar adults; ≥2 of: reduced/absent reticence; overly familiar verbal/physical behaviour; diminished checking back with caregiver; willingness to go with unfamiliar adult
Predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with sleep quantity/quality: ≥1 of: difficulty initiating sleep; difficulty maintaining sleep (frequent awakenings); early morning awakening with inability to return to sleep
Subjective complaints of restlessness after exposure to medication
Medication-induced movement symptoms causing clinically significant distress or impairment
Symptoms characteristic of an OCD-related disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Symptoms characteristic of a somatic symptom/related disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Persistent difficulties in social use of verbal/nonverbal communication; ≥1 of: deficits in using communication for social purposes; inability to change communication to match context; difficulty following rules for conversations and storytelling; difficulty understanding what is not explicitly stated
Repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless motor behaviour (e.g. hand shaking/waving, body rocking, head banging, self-biting, hitting own body)
Emotional or behavioural symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor, within 3 months of stressor onset
Pervasive pattern of disregard for/violation of rights of others since age 15: ≥3 of 7: failure to conform to lawful behaviours; deceitfulness; impulsivity; irritability/aggressiveness; reckless disregard for safety; consistent irresponsibility; lack of remorse
≥6 inattentive symptoms and/or ≥6 hyperactive-impulsive symptoms (≥5 for age ≥17) for ≥6 months, inconsistent with developmental level and negatively impacting activities
Preoccupation with ≥1 perceived defect(s) or flaw(s) in physical appearance (not observable or only slightly observable to others)
Recurrent binge eating episodes (eating large amount in discrete period + sense of lack of control)
Evidence by polysomnography of ≥5 central apnoeas per hour of sleep
Either of: marked delay in ejaculation; marked infrequency or absence of ejaculation, on almost all occasions of partnered sexual activity (≥75–100%), without desire for delay
Pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation, beginning by early adulthood; ≥5 of 8: difficulty making everyday decisions without advice/reassurance; needs others to assume responsibility for major areas of life; difficulty expressing disagreement out of fear; difficulty initiating projects alone; goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance/support; feels uncomfortable/helpless when alone; urgently seeks a replacement relationship when one ends; preoccupied with fears of being left to care for self
Acquisition and execution of coordinated motor skills is substantially below expected for chronological age and opportunity for skill learning
≥1 of 3 symptoms on almost all occasions (≥75–100%) of sexual activity: marked difficulty attaining an erection; marked difficulty maintaining an erection until completion of sexual activity; marked decrease in erectile rigidity
Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions
Falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms, or induction of injury or disease, associated with identified deception in self (imposed on self) or in another person (imposed on another)
Criteria met for major or mild NCD
≥1 symptom of altered voluntary motor or sensory function
Failure to meet expected developmental milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning; applies to individuals <5 years when severity cannot be reliably assessed
Recurrent outbursts of failure to control aggressive impulses; ≥1 of: verbal aggression or physical aggression toward property/animals/individuals ≥2×/week (on average) for ≥3 months; ≥3 aggressive outbursts involving damage/injury within a 12-month period
Persistently or recurrently deficient (or absent) sexual/erotic thoughts or fantasies AND desire for sexual activity; clinician judges deficiency considering age and general/sociocultural context
Abnormal and prolonged contraction of muscles of eyes, face, neck, limbs, or trunk developing in association with medication use
Modest cognitive decline in ≥1 domain (concern of individual, knowledgeable informant, or clinician; supported by objective performance evidence)
Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy beginning by early adulthood; ≥5 of 9: grandiose sense of self-importance; preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success/power/brilliance/beauty/love; believes he/she is special; requires excessive admiration; sense of entitlement; interpersonally exploitative; lacks empathy; envious of others or believes others are envious; arrogant
Criteria met for major or mild NCD
Presence of obsessions (recurrent/persistent intrusive thoughts/urges/images + attempts to suppress or neutralise), compulsions (repetitive behaviours/mental acts driven by rigid rules aimed at reducing distress/feared event), or both
Evidence by polysomnography of ≥5 obstructive apnoeas/hypopnoeas per hour of sleep + ≥1 of: nocturnal breathing disturbances (snoring, snorting, gasping, breathing pauses); daytime sleepiness/fatigue/unrefreshing sleep not explained by another disorder; OR ≥15 obstructive apnoeas/hypopnoeas per hour of sleep regardless of accompanying symptoms
Criteria met for a personality disorder (enduring pattern of inner experience/behaviour deviating markedly from cultural expectations; pervasive; inflexible; stable; leading to distress/impairment)
Symptoms characteristic of a schizophrenia spectrum/other psychotic disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment
Symptoms characteristic of a sexual dysfunction causing clinically significant distress
Over ≥6 months, recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviours involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children (generally ≤13 years)
Depressed mood most of the day, more days than not, for ≥2 years (≥1 yr children/adolescents)
Persistent personality disturbance representing a change from the individual's previous characteristic personality pattern
Persistent or recurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during partnered sexual activity within ≈1 minute of vaginal penetration and before the individual wishes it, on ≥75–100% of occasions
Death of someone close to the bereaved person ≥12 months ago (≥6 months in children/adolescents)
Prominent hallucinations or delusions
Repeated episodes of arousal during sleep associated with vocalisation and/or complex motor behaviours
Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression, beginning by early adulthood; ≥4 of 7: neither desires nor enjoys close relationships; almost always chooses solitary activities; little/no interest in sexual experiences; few/no pleasurable activities; lacks close friends; appears indifferent to praise/criticism; shows emotional coldness/detachment/flat affect
Both multiple motor tics AND ≥1 vocal tic present at some time during the illness, though not necessarily simultaneously
Symptoms characteristic of a bipolar/related disorder causing clinically significant distress/impairment