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Presentation comparison
Emergency3 of 8 diagnoses compared
| CriteriaComparison detail | MethamphetamineEmergency |
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Toxidrome clues: pupils, respiratory rate, nystagmus, tremor, diaphoresis, sympathetic overdrive.
Clinical reference — not validated decision support. Review before use.
| OpioidsEmergency |
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| HallucinogensEmergency |
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| AlcoholEmergencyNot selected |
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| CannabisEmergencyNot selected |
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| BenzodiazepinesEmergencyNot selected |
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| GHBEmergencyNot selected |
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| InhalantsEmergencyNot selected |
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| Why it fits | Agitation, paranoia, pressured speech, insomnia, tachycardia, hypertension, dilated pupils | Pinpoint pupils, sedation, reduced respiratory rate, reduced consciousness | Visual distortion, synaesthesia, altered perception, panic | Slurred speech, ataxia, disinhibition, aggression, nystagmus | Conjunctival injection, slowed time perception, anxiety, paranoia, derealisation | Sedation, ataxia, slurred speech, disinhibition, amnesia | Rapid sedation, fluctuating consciousness, amnesia, sudden sleep | Euphoria, confusion, ataxia, nystagmus, perioral rash |
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| What argues against | Applies to the whole presentationReview locally. | |||||||
| Must-not-miss | Hyperthermia, chest pain, arrhythmia, stroke, violent agitation | Apnoea, aspiration, hypoxia, mixed overdose | Severe agitation, accidents, prolonged psychosis | Head injury, aspiration, hypoglycaemia | ||||
| Bedside question | Applies to the whole presentationToxidrome clues: pupils, respiratory rate, nystagmus, tremor, diaphoresis, sympathetic overdrive. | |||||||
| Immediate action | Applies to the whole presentationDo not assume alcohol explains everything, especially after trauma Cannabis can produce anxiety, psychosis, and depersonalisation | |||||||
| Investigations | Applies to the whole presentationBlood glucose | |||||||
| Mimics / overlap | Applies to the whole presentationReview overlap locally. | |||||||
Scroll horizontally to review more candidate differentials. Clinical reference — not validated decision support. Review before use.
Review locally.
Toxidrome clues: pupils, respiratory rate, nystagmus, tremor, diaphoresis, sympathetic overdrive.
Do not assume alcohol explains everything, especially after trauma Cannabis can produce anxiety, psychosis, and depersonalisation
Blood glucose
Review overlap locally.
Agitation, paranoia, pressured speech, insomnia, tachycardia, hypertension, dilated pupils
Hyperthermia, chest pain, arrhythmia, stroke, violent agitation
Pinpoint pupils, sedation, reduced respiratory rate, reduced consciousness
Apnoea, aspiration, hypoxia
Visual distortion, synaesthesia, altered perception, panic
Severe agitation, accidents, prolonged psychosis
Safety first. Act early.
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v10 | Local content only
Last updated: Pending review
Open a selected differential to review its clinical record.
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Create a concise comparison summary for documentation or handoff.
Source pending review
v10 | Local content only
Last updated: Pending review
| Severe panic, paranoia, self-harm, psychosis |
| Respiratory depression if combined with opioids/alcohol. |
| Airway compromise, aspiration, mixed overdose |
| Arrhythmia, sudden sniffing death, trauma |